PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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D1 root

Root	Meaning	Semantic Field	Confidence	Descendants
deh₂-mn̥	portion, share, lot	fatespiritdivision	high	0

G3 roots

gʰaws-tó-	observed, perceived	spiritperception	medium
ǵʰeysd-₂	to be angry, aggressive	emotionspirit	medium
gʰeysd-mn̥-	fury, violent passion	emotionspirit	high

H4 roots

h₂enh₂-₂	to breathe, spirit (nominal)	breathspiritemotion	high
h₂enh₁-m-eh₂	breath, soul, life-breath	lifespirit	high
h₂ent-mn̥	breath, spirit, self	breathspiritlife	high
h₂ew-mn̥	vital breath, soul	breathspirit	high

S1 root

speyH-mn̥-

breath, exhalation, spirit

breathspirit

high