PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

Filter:Allabandonmentabilityabsenceabstractabundanceachievementacquisitionactionactivityadhesionadjustmentageagingagricultureaidairalertnessanatomyanimalanimalsappearanceapprovalarchitecturearrangementarrivalartascentattentionauthorityawarenessbearingbeautybeginningbeliefbindingbiologybirdbirthbloodbodyboundarybreathbuildingcalculationcallingcarecarryingcausationcelestialcentercessationchancechangechemistrychoiceclarificationclarityclassificationcleaningclothclothingcognitioncolorcolourcommercecommunicationcomparisoncompassioncompletenessconcealmentconflictconfusionconjunctionconnectionconsciousnessconstrictionconstructionconsumptioncontactcontainercontainerscontainmentcontrolcookingcosmologycountingcouragecoveringcraftcraftingcreationcrimecrossingcustomcuttingcycledamagedarknessdeathdecaydeceptiondeclinedefeatdefensedelaydensitydeparturedeprivationdepthdesiredestinydestructiondirectiondiscoverydiseasedistinctiondistressdistributiondivisiondomesticdreamdressdrinkdrynessdualitydurationdutydwellingeartheducationeffortelementelevationemotionemptinessenclosureenduranceenjoymententertainmentestablishmentevaluationeventexcessexchangeexcretionexistenceextensionextentextremefamefamilyfatefearfermentationfertilityfightingfirefitnessflatnessfleshflightflowfoldingfollowingfoodforceformfortunefoundationfreedomfullnessfurnituregatheringgendergentlenessgeographygeometrygivingglorygovernancegrammargroominggrowthhabithabitationhandhappinessharmhealthhearingheatheighthygieneidentityimmersionimpactincreaseinformationinquiryinspirationinstabilityintensityintentionjoyjudgmentkinshipknowledgelaborlandscapelanguagelawleadershiplearninglifelightlimitliquidlocomotionlogicmakingmanagementmaritimemarkingmaterialmeasurementmedicinememorymentalmetalmetallurgymilitarymindmissionmixingmixturemoisturemoralmotionmovementmultiplicationmusicmythologicalmythologynarrativenaturenegationnumbernumbersnurtureoathobjectobligationobscurityobservationopeningoppositionorderorganoriginpainpathpatternpeacepeopleperceptionperformancepermanencepersistencepersonphilosophyphysicalphysical_propertyphysical_stateplaceplacementplantplaypleasurepositionpossessionposturepowerprecipitationprecisionprepositionpreservationprincipleprocessproductprotectionprovisionpunishmentpurificationpuritypursuitqualitiesqualityquantityreactionreadingreasoningreductionrelationrelationshipreleasereligionremainderremnantrepetitionreproductionreputationrestresultrigidityritualrotationsacredsafetysciencesearchseasonsecrecysecurityselectionsendingsensationsensesensesseparationsequenceservicesettlementshameshapesharpnesssheltersignsignalsizeskillskysmellsmokesmoothnesssocialsocietysoundspacespatialspectaclespeechspeedspiritstabilitystasisstatestatusstealthstrengthstructurestructuressubstancesufferingsufficiencysupernaturalsupportsurfacesustenanceswellingtasteteachingtechnologytemperaturetemporaltextiletexturethoughtthrowingtimetooltoolstotalitytradetransfertransformationtransporttraveltreetrusttruthtwistingunionunityvaluevehicleverificationvibrationviolencevisionvitalityvoidwalkingwarwarfarewastewaterwealthweaponweaponswearwearinessweatherweightwillwisdomwriting

D2 roots

RootMeaningSemantic FieldConfidenceDescendants
dheh₁-bʰr-skillful maker, buildercraftingcreationhigh0
dʰeyǵʰ-₂to form from clay, buildcraftingcreationhigh0

H1 root

h₂erh₁-to fit together, joincraftingskillhigh0

M1 root

meh₂-k-to knead, press, formcraftingactionhigh0

P3 roots

plek-₂to plait, weave (variant)craftingtextilehigh0
pleḱ-to plait, weave, foldcraftingtextilehigh0
pleyḱ-₂to fold, interweavecraftingfoldinghigh0

S2 roots

sew-mn̥that which is sewn, seamtextilecraftinghigh0
skep-to scratch, scrape, cutcuttingcraftinghigh0

T2 roots

teh₁ḱ-to beget, give birthbirthcreationcraftinghigh0
teh₁ḱ-mn̥that which is built, structurebuildingcraftinghigh0

W1 root

webʰ-mn̥that which is woven, fabrictextilecraftinghigh0