PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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B1 root

Root	Meaning	Semantic Field	Confidence	Descendants
bʰruH-	beam, bridge structure, plank	constructionlandscape	medium	0

D2 roots

dʰeyǵʰ-mn̥-₂	wall, thing built from clay	domesticconstructionmaterial	high	0
dʰeyǵʰ-mn̥-₃	a wall, thing built of clay	constructionlandscape	high	0

G3 roots

gʰeybʰ-	to fork, to branch off	construction	medium
gʷeh₂-tl-	means of going, passage	motionconstruction	medium
gʷerH-tl-	means of warming, a furnace	temperatureconstruction	medium

H2 roots

h₂ey-tl-	means of going, a passage	motionconstruction	medium	0
h₂ster-mn̥	something spread, a layer	landscapeconstruction	high	0

K1 root

ḱeh₂s-mn̥-

cut stone, hewn block

materialconstruction

high

P1 root

peHǵ-mn̥-₂

act of fixing, a fastening

constructionlaw

high

S4 roots

steh₂-bʰ-₂	to prop up, to support	constructionsociety	high
sterh₃-n-	something spread out, a covering	actionconstruction	high
stew-r-	a post, a pillar standing firm	constructionmotion	high
strew-ḱ-	to build by layering, construct	constructioncreation	high

T4 roots

teh₁g-mn̥-₂	a covering, roof	constructiondwelling	high
teh₁ḱ-mn̥-₂	a joining, fitted structure	constructionskill	high
tek-mn̥	something built, a structure	craftconstruction	high
temh₁-mn̥	a cutting, a sacred precinct	religionconstruction	high