PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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A1 root

Root	Meaning	Semantic Field	Confidence	Descendants
angʷʰi-	eel, snake, water-serpent	animalsnature	medium	0

D1 root

dʰǵʰu-

fish, aquatic creature

animalsfood

high

G3 roots

gallīnā	hen, domestic fowl	animalsagriculture	low
gʰáydos	goat, young goat	animalsagriculture	high
ǵʰh₂éns	goose, waterfowl	animalsnature	high

H6 roots

h₂awi-ḱh₂ep-	hawk, bird-catcher	animalsnature	medium
h₁éḱwos₂	horse, swift one	animalsagriculture	high
h₁elh₁ḗn	deer, elk, large cervid	animalsnature	medium
h₃er-	eagle, large bird	animalsnature	high
h₂éwis	bird, winged creature	animalsnature	high
h₂ŕ̥tḱos	bear, large predator	animalsnature	high

K2 roots

ḱerh₂-	gray, dark color	coloranimals	medium	0
ḱh₂s-en-	hare, rabbit	animalsnature	medium	0

L2 roots

lóksos	salmon, trout	animalsfood	high	0
lūs-	louse, parasitic insect	animalsbody	high	0

M1 root

mūs-

mouse, small rodent

animalsnature

high

S3 roots

sérpents	snake, serpent, creeping thing	animalsnature	high
stork-	stork, stiff-walker	animalsnature	medium
suh₂-	pig, swine	animalsagriculture	high

T1 root

táwros

bull, aurochs

animalsagriculture

high

W2 roots

wl(o)p-	fox, cunning canid	animalsnature	medium	0
wŕ̥mis	worm, serpent	animalsnature	high	0