PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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B3 roots

Root	Meaning	Semantic Field	Confidence
bʰendʰ-₂	to bind, tie, fetter	bindingaction	high
bʰendʰ-eyo-	to keep binding, obligating	bindingsocial	high
bʰendʰ-mn̥-	a binding, bond, obligation	bindingsocial	high

D1 root

dʰerǵʰ-

to fasten, make firm

bindingtruthstability

high

H1 root

h₂yew-

to join, yoke, bind by law

lawbindingsocial

high

K2 roots

ḱenk-	to gird, encircle	bindingenclosure	high	0
ḱenk-eyo-	to keep girding, binding around	bindingboundary	high	0

P4 roots

peh₂-ǵ-eyo-	to keep fastening, fix	domesticbinding	high
peh₂-ḱ-	to fasten, make peace	peacelawbinding	high
peh₂ǵ-	to fasten, fix, make firm	bindinglawpeace	high
peHǵ-	to fix, fasten firmly	bindingsettlementlaw	high

S1 root

sew-eyo-

to keep stitching, sewing

craftbinding

high

W1 root

weh₁-dʰ-

to pledge, redeem

lawsocialbinding

high