PIE Roots

An index of reconstructed Proto-Indo-European roots. Each entry links to a full page with descendant tables, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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D2 roots

Root	Meaning	Semantic Field	Confidence	Descendants
dʰewb-₂	to be deep, hollow	spatialdepth	high	0
dʰewb-mn̥	depth, deep place	spatialdepth	high	0

H11 roots

h₂embʰ-	on both sides, around	spatialduality	high
h₂embʰ-i-	around, about (locative)	spatialpreposition	high
h₁en-dʰo	into, within	directionspatial	high
h₁en-tero-	inner, interior	spatialquality	high
h₂eng-	to bend, angle	shapespatial	high
h₂enh₁-t-	front, forehead	spatialbody	high
h₂ent-r-	interior, inner part	spatialdirection	high
h₁epi	upon, at, near	spatialpreposition	high
h₁epi-₂	upon, over, afterwards	spatialtemporalpreposition	medium
h₁ewt-	out, away from	directionspatial	high
h₂ster-n-	to spread, strew out	extensionspatial	high

K1 root

ḱley-mn̥

that which sticks, slope

adhesionspatial

high

L1 root

leyH-₂

to lean, incline

spatialmovement

high

P5 roots

peth₁-	to spread out, extend	spatialmovement	high
pleh₂-t-	to spread, flatten (extended)	spatialflatness	high
pleth₂-	to spread out flat	spatialshape	high
prey	before, in front of	timespatial	high
pro-	forward, for, before	directionspatial	high

S3 roots

skend-	to leap, climb, spring	movementspatial	high
sterh₃-	to spread, strew, lay flat	extensionspatial	high
streH-	to stretch, extend	extensionspatial	high

U1 root

uper

over, above, beyond

directionspatial

high