two

The number 2; one more than one.

Etymology

From Old English twā, from Proto-Germanic *twō, from PIE *dwóh₁ "two." This root is everywhere: "twin," "twelve" (two left after ten), "twenty" (two tens), "between," "twilight" (between light), "doubt" (Latin dubitāre, "to be in two minds"), "dual," "duel," "couple," "diploma" (double-folded), "dilemma" (two premises), and "balance" (bi-lanx, two plates).

The Journey: *dwóh₁two

PIE~4500 BCE

*dwóh₁

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*twō

Old English~450 CE

twā

Middle English~1100 CE

two

Modern English~1500 CE

two

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *dwóh₁. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekdúo
Latinduo
Welshdau
Hittiteda-
Armenianerku
Sanskritdvā́
Old Irish
Lithuaniandu
Old Church Slavonicdŭva

Did You Know?

Doubt literally means "to be in two minds" — Latin dubitāre from duo "two." Twilight is "between-light" (two-light). And the w in "two" was once pronounced; it still is in "twin," "twelve," "twenty," and "between," all from the same root.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *dwóh₁. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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