sit

To rest with one's weight on the buttocks; to be seated.

Etymology

From Old English sittan, from Proto-Germanic *sitjaną, from PIE *sed- "to sit, to be seated." This root produced an enormous family: "seat," "settle," "sedan," "sediment," "session," "assess," "obsess," "possess," "preside," "reside," and through Greek: "cathedral" (kathedra = seat) and "chair."

The Journey: *sed-sit

PIE~4500 BCE

*sed-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*sitjaną

Old English~450 CE

sittan

Middle English~1100 CE

sitten

Modern English~1500 CE

sit

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *sed-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekhédra (seat)
Latinsedēre
Sanskritsī́dati
Old Irishsuide
Lithuaniansėdėti
Old Church Slavonicsěděti

Did You Know?

A cathedral is literally a seat — from Greek kathedra "a sitting down" (kata- "down" + hedra "seat," from PIE *sed-). A "chairman" and a "cathedral" both trace back to the same concept: a place of sitting authority.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *sed-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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