seed

A plant's unit of reproduction, containing an embryo capable of growing into a new plant.

Etymology

From Old English sǣd, from Proto-Germanic *sēdiz. This traces to PIE *seh₁- meaning "to sow, to plant seed." The same root produced Latin sēmen and English "sow" (the verb). The semantic range covers both the act of planting and the thing planted.

The Journey: *seh₁-seed

PIE~4500 BCE

*seh₁-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*sēdiz

Old English~500 CE

sǣd

Modern English~1500 CE

seed

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *seh₁-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greek(none direct)
Latinsēmen
Gothicmanaseþs (mankind, lit. man-seed)
Old Irishsíl
Lithuaniansėti (to sow)
Old High Germansāt

Did You Know?

Latin sēmen "seed" gave English "seminar" (originally a seed-bed for ideas) and "seminary." The word "season" also derives from this root via Latin satiōnem "a sowing."

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *seh₁-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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