rain

Water falling in drops from clouds in the sky.

Etymology

From Old English regn, from Proto-Germanic *regnaz. The PIE origin is often reconstructed as *h₁reg- "to wet, to rain," though the reconstruction is not certain. The word is largely confined to the Germanic and Italic branches. Latin rigāre "to wet, irrigate" is a possible cognate.

The Journey: *h₁reg-rain

PIE~4500 BCE

*Hreg-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*regnaz

Old English~500 CE

regn

Modern English~1500 CE

rain

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *h₁reg-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Latinrigāre (to wet)
Gothicrign
Old Norseregn
Old Frisianrein
Old High Germanregan

Did You Know?

Latin rigāre "to wet, irrigate" is a cognate, giving English "irrigate." The spelling "rain" with ai replaced the older e in Middle English, influenced by Old French patterns.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reg-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

Explore More English Words

View all English words →