name

A word by which a person or thing is known.

PIE *h₃nómn̥View full root page →

Etymology

From Old English nama, from Proto-Germanic *namō, from PIE *h₃nómn̥ "name, personal designation." This word is remarkably stable across Indo-European and even shows similarities with some non-IE language families. It gives us "noun" (via Latin nōmen), "nominal," "nominate," "anonymous," "synonym," and "onomatopoeia."

The Journey: *h₃nómn̥name

PIE~4500 BCE

*h₃nómn̥

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*namō

Old English~450 CE

nama

Middle English~1100 CE

name

Modern English~1500 CE

name

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *h₃nómn̥. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekónoma
Latinnōmen
Hittitelāman
Armeniananun
Sanskritnā́man
Old Irishainm
Lithuanianvardas (replaced)
Old Church Slavonicimę

Did You Know?

A noun is literally a name — from Latin nōmen, from PIE *h₃nómn̥. And "anonymous" means "nameless" (Greek a- "without" + ónoma "name"). Even "onomatopoeia" contains this root: "name-making" — words that create their own names from sounds.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃nómn̥. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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