love

An intense feeling of deep affection; to feel a deep romantic or sexual attachment.

Etymology

From Old English lufu "love, affection," from Proto-Germanic *lubō, from PIE *lewbʰ- "to care, desire, love." The word's PIE ancestor carried a sense of desire and approval. The related Latin word libēre "to please" gave English "liberty" (freedom to do as one pleases) and "libido."

The Journey: *lewbʰ-love

PIE~4500 BCE

*lewbʰ-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*lubō

Old English~450 CE

lufu

Modern English~1500 CE

love

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *lewbʰ-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Latinlibēre (to please), libīdō
Russianljubovĭ (love)
Sanskritlubhyati (desires)
Lithuanianliaupsė (praise)
Old Church Slavonicljubŭ (dear)

Did You Know?

PIE *lewbʰ- "to desire" gives English both "love" (via Germanic) and "liberty" and "libido" (via Latin). Love and freedom share the same root — both are about following desire.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewbʰ-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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