gold

A precious yellow metallic element, prized since antiquity.

Etymology

From Old English gold, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from PIE *gʰel-d- "to pay, yield," itself from *gʰel- "to shine, gleam." The connection to shining is ancient — gold was the bright metal. The same root gives us "yellow" and "glow," all bound by the concept of radiance.

The Journey: *gʰel-d-gold

PIE~4500 BCE

*gʰel-d-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*gulþą

Old English~450 CE

gold

Middle English~1100 CE

gold

Modern English~1500 CE

gold

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *gʰel-d-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Dutchgoud
GermanGold
Gothicgulþ
Old Norsegull
Lithuaniangeltonas (yellow)

Did You Know?

The words "gold," "yellow," and "glow" all descend from the same PIE root *gʰel- meaning "to shine." The metal was literally named for its colour — the shining stuff.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰel-d-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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