foot

The lower extremity of the leg; the part one stands and walks on.

Etymology

From Old English fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from PIE *ped- "foot, lower extremity." Grimm's Law turned *p- into f- in Germanic. This root gives us "pedal," "pedestrian," "pedigree" (French pied de grue "crane's foot" — from the branching lines in genealogy charts), "pioneer," "pawn" (chess), "fetch," "pajamas," and "tripod."

The Journey: *ped-foot

PIE~4500 BCE

*ped-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*fōts

Old English~450 CE

fōt

Middle English~1100 CE

fot, foot

Modern English~1500 CE

foot

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *ped-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekpoús (gen. podós)
Latinpēs (gen. pedis)
Hittitepata-
Armenianotn
Sanskritpā́d
Old Irishís (< *ped-s)
Lithuanianpėda

Did You Know?

Pedigree has nothing to do with "degree" — it comes from French pied de grue "crane's foot," because the branching lines in genealogy charts looked like a crane's footprint. And "pajamas" comes from Persian/Urdu pāy-jāma "leg garment," where pāy "foot/leg" descends from PIE *ped-.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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