fish

A cold-blooded aquatic vertebrate with gills and fins, living entirely in water.

Etymology

From Old English fisc, from Proto-Germanic *fiskaz. This traces to PIE *pisk-, meaning "fish." The word is shared across Germanic, Italic, and Celtic branches, suggesting fish were an important food source for early Indo-Europeans.

The Journey: *pisk-fish

PIE~4500 BCE

*pisk-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*fiskaz

Old English~500 CE

fisc

Modern English~1500 CE

fish

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *pisk-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Latinpiscis
Gothicfisks
Old Irishíasc
Old Norsefiskr
Old High Germanfisc

Did You Know?

The zodiac sign Pisces takes its name from Latin piscis "fish." The word "porpoise" comes from Old French porpeis, literally "pig-fish" (from Latin porcus + piscis).

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *pisk-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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