eye

The organ of sight; the part of the body used for seeing.

Etymology

From Old English ēage, from Proto-Germanic *augō, from PIE *h₃ekʷ- "to see," with the nominal form *h₃okʷ- "eye." The connection between "eye" and "seeing" is transparent in PIE. The word underwent significant sound changes in Germanic but remains recognizable across the family.

The Journey: *h₃ekʷ-eye

PIE~4500 BCE

*h₃okʷ-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*augō

Old English~450 CE

ēage

Middle English~1200 CE

eie, yë

Modern English~1500 CE

eye

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *h₃ekʷ-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekókkon (Doric), ómma
Latinoculus
Russianoko (archaic)
Armenianakn
Sanskritákṣi
Lithuanianakìs

Did You Know?

Latin oculus "eye" gives English "ocular" and "binoculars," while the native Germanic word "eye" descends from the same PIE root by a different phonological path.

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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