drink

To take liquid into the mouth and swallow.

PIE (uncertain)

Etymology

English "drink" comes from Old English drincan, from Proto-Germanic *drinkaną. The PIE origin is uncertain — a connection to *dʰrenǵ- has been proposed but is not established. The main PIE root for drinking is *peh₃- "to drink," which gives English "potion," "poison" (originally a drink/potion), "potable," and "symposium" (Greek syn- + posis "a drinking together"). The native Germanic word likely displaced the inherited *peh₃- reflex.

The Journey: (uncertain)drink

PIE~4500 BCE

*peh₃-

Latin~200 BCE

pōtāre (to drink)

Old French~1100 CE

poison, potion

English (borrowed)~1200 CE

potion, poison

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root (uncertain). They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekpī́nō
Latinpōtāre, bibere
Sanskritpī́bati, pā́ti
Old Irishibid
Lithuanianpuotà (feast)
Old Church Slavonicpiti

Did You Know?

Poison was originally just a drink — from Latin pōtiōnem "a drink, a potion." And a symposium was literally "a drinking party" — Greek syn- "together" + posis "drinking," from PIE *peh₃-. Plato's famous philosophical dialogues were set at drinking parties.

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