come

To move towards; to arrive at a place.

Etymology

From Old English cuman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from PIE *gʷem- "to come, to go, to step." The labio-velar *gʷ- became kw- and later c- in Germanic. This root gives us "become," "welcome" (from *wil- + *kwemaną "a desired arrival"), and through Latin venīre (from the same root): "advent," "adventure," "avenue," "convene," "event," "invent," "prevent," "revenue," and "venture."

The Journey: *gʷem-come

PIE~4500 BCE

*gʷem-

Proto-Germanic~500 BCE

*kwemaną

Old English~450 CE

cuman

Middle English~1100 CE

comen

Modern English~1500 CE

come

Cognates Across Languages

These words in other languages descend from the same PIE root *gʷem-. They are not borrowings but independent inheritances from a common ancestor.

LanguageWord
Greekbaínō
Latinvenīre
Armenianekn
Sanskritgámati
Lithuaniangemù
Old Church Slavonicžęti

Did You Know?

The words "come" and "venture" are secretly the same word. Latin venīre (from PIE *gʷem-) gives us advent, adventure, avenue, convene, event, invent, prevent, revenue, and venture. All of them descend from the PIE concept of "coming."

This word descends from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷem-. See the full root page for descendant trees, sound law references, and scholarly discussion.

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